Potion making rules
There are two kinds of potion making: typical arcane potion making[PHB potion making] and alchemist potion making[the rules below] which requires the use of more complex components, ones own magical essence and an expiration date.
Base rules
Important Note: the potion maker supplemental class is still in progress and will add to the potion making rules
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(based on potioner class made by deannedeeclasses)
Potionmaking
When making a potion or poison from you potions book, you expend an amount of time and money based on the rarity of the potion or poison. You can find these amounts in the Potionmaking Table. You do not need to complete a potion or poison all at once. You may instead devote some time over any number of days to complete it.
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If you do not have your potions book when making a potion or poison you have learned, you must succeed on an Intelligence check with your proficiency bonus against the potion’s or poison’s rarity DC on the Potionmaking Table before you begin your work. If you fail you may not attempt to make that potion or poison again until you have finished a short or long rest.
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Potionmaking Table
Potion Rarity/Cost/Time Required/DC
Common/10 gp/1 hour/5
Uncommon/50 gp/2 hours/10
Rare/200 gp/4 hours/15
Very Rare/1,000 gp/8 hours/20
Legendary/10,000 gp/24 hours/25
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You may also attempt to craft a potion or poison you have not learned and is not in your potions book. This potion or poison can be of any rarity. The time and money costs are doubled for this attempt. When you have fulfilled the time and money costs required, you must make an Intelligence check with your proficiency bonus against the appropriate rarity DC on the Potionmaking Table. On a failure, the potion or poison will have no effect, and you must continue to work on the potion or poison until you meet the normal time requirements (see the Magic Item Crafting Time and Cost section on pg. 129 of Xanathar's Guide to Everything) at which point the potion or poison will be complete.
Crafting potions and poisons in this way is unique to other forms of crafting. You put little of your personal essence into your creations in order to speed up the process. As such, you can make a number of potions or poisons in this way equal to your potion maker lvl + intelligence modifier + your proficiency bonus. Once you reach that total you cannot begin to make anymore until a potion or poison of yours is used, or you take 1 minute to make a potion or poison inert of any effects. You may, however, craft a potion or poison using the normal rules for doing so, even if you reach your limit as a potioner.
If a potion or poison has a saving throw DC, you may use your potioner save DC (8 + your proficiency bonus + your Intelligence modifier) instead of the DC listed with the potion or poison.
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(Costs can be halved or quartered if they have a magic reagent relevant to the known potion)